Dietary fibre is not just about providing ‘bulk’ in our diet to aid transit time through the gastrointestinal tract. Certain bacteria that form part of a healthy gut microbiome are able to digest fibre to produce butyrate which is a small chain (4-carbons) fatty acid. My dissertaion investigated how this small molecule may be able to calibrate the inflammatory response and may be beneficial to address immune imbalances in an autoimmune condition such as Multiple Sclerosis.